Laws to know about everyday life
Law is the rules and regulations of a state or nation. Established to enforce and control the behavior of individuals in society. follow If there is a violation Failure to comply will result in an offense and will be punished as specified.
Civil law is the law regarding persons, property, legal acts, contracts, torts, family, and inheritance that are important for living life from birth until death.
Criminal law is the law that deals with offenses and penalties. The offenders will be punished according to the law.
Criminal law is therefore important in helping people live happily and safely in society.
Personnel Law
Person means something that the law specifies to have legal rights and duties.
The condition of a person begins at birth as an infant and ceases when the person dies or disappears according to the order of the court.
Disappearance means disappearance from the homeland under normal conditions for more than 7 years or disappearance from a life-threatening condition such as a shipwreck or natural disaster for 3 years. A person can be considered a missing person. In the event that the missing person returns You can petition the court to withdraw the disappearance order.
People are divided into 2 types:
1. Natural person means a person with ability. Able to perform legal acts as specified by law.
Components of a person's condition
1. First name – Last name
2. Nationality is acquired by birth, marriage, national conversion.
3. Domicile is a person's regular and fixed residence.
4. Status is the status of a person under the law which gives rise to rights such as single, married, divorced.
2. Juristic person means a group of people or things that are recognized by law as natural persons and have rights, duties, and responsibilities on behalf of the business, such as ministries, bureaus, departments, companies, associations, foundations, and temples, etc.
Property and property
Property means an object or something that has a physical form.
Property means property and intangible objects such as copyright (intellectual property).
Type of property
1. Real estate means property that cannot be moved.
2. Movable property means property that can be moved.
Legal act
Legal action is the act of expressing the intention to legally bind legal relations between individuals in order to create, change, transfer, preserve or suspend rights. Principles of doing legal acts
1. There is an indication of a person's intention by speaking, writing, or acting that is lawful.
2. The act must be done voluntarily.
3. Intent to produce legal results
Legal acts that are void and voidable
1. A legal act that is invalid is a legal act that was not registered with the official from the beginning. which has no legal effect
2. A legal act that is void is a legal act that is valid until it is annulled, such as a legal act that a minor commits without the consent of the legal representative. When the clearing has been made Voided karma becomes void.
Various contracts and types of contracts
Ordinary sales contracts are divided into 3 types:
1. A promise to buy or sell is a promise to buy or sell.
2. A purchase and sale contract is a contract that agrees on the essential contents of the purchase and sale contract.
3. The sales contract is absolutely completed, that is, it is a contract where the essential contents of the contract have been agreed upon.
Specific sales contracts are divided into 4 types:
1. Cash purchase contract is a contract in which the buyer agrees to pay the price of goods in cash immediately. When trading
2. Installment sales contract is a sales contract in which the property has been delivered to the buyer. But the buyer has not paid the price yet. You may agree to pay in installments.
3. A sales contract is a sales contract in which the seller demands a certain amount of money from the buyer. Therefore, the property was transferred to the buyer. and the consignor has the right to redeem the property and return it within the agreed upon time. If the redemption is due The consignor did not come to redeem the money. The property will absolutely belong to the consignor.
4. Auction is a trade in which the public is announced to bid and buy at an open price. Consisting of 4 parties:
– The seller is the owner of the property. or those with authority to sell property
– auctioneer
– price fighter
– Buyer
Property rental and hire purchase contracts are divided into
1. Property rental contract
– If it is movable property, no written evidence is required.
– If it is real estate, evidence must be in writing and signed.
2. Hire-purchase contract is a contract in which the owner rents out the property and promises to sell the property or to give the property rights to the hirer. With the condition that the renter has spent only this amount of money at this time. Making a hire-purchase contract must be in writing and signed by both parties.
loan contract
It is a contract in which the borrower and lender agree to borrow money and to return the money at a specified time, paying interest. Borrowing money of 2,000 baht or more must have evidence signed by the borrower.
family law
Engagement is a contract between a man and a woman to marry each other. This can be done when the man and woman are 17 years of age. If the man or woman is a minor, consent must be obtained from a parent or guardian.
Marriage Marriage can only be performed when the man and woman reach 17 years of age. If they are under this age, permission from the court is required.
The property of husband and wife is divided into
1. Personal property is property that a husband or wife had before marriage.
2. Sin Somros is property acquired during marriage.
End of marriage
1. The court ruled that the marriage was invalid.
2. One spouse dies.
3. Divorce
– Rights and duties of fathers and mothers Parents have a duty to care for and provide appropriate education for their children.
– Rights and duties of children Children have a duty to support and care for their parents in return.
Inheritance law
Inheritance is the property, rights, duties, and responsibilities of the deceased or the owner of the inheritance. which when the owner of the inheritance dies An inheritance passes to the heir immediately upon death.
Heirs are those with rights to receive 2 types of inheritance.
1. Legal heirs, spouses and close relatives
2. Heirs according to the will Those who have the right to receive inheritance as specified in the will
A will is a document in which the owner of the inheritance expresses his intention to specify in case of death the property.
Other laws related to daily life
1. Constitutional law It is the highest law in governing the country. It defines the rights, freedoms, and duties of a person.
Rights mean benefits recognized by law. Protection for individuals such as political rights Property rights
Freedom means the actions of a person that do not violate the law, such as freedom of the body. Freedom of speech, printing, writing, and practicing religion.
Duties are things that a person must do or refrain from doing. As a member of the state, such as paying taxes national defense
2. Election law It is a law established to control the organization and conduct of elections in an orderly and fair manner.
3. Laws regarding civil registration
– When someone is born, they must notify the registrar within 15 days.
– When someone dies, they must notify the registrar within 24 hours.
– When changing residences, notification must be made within 15 days.
4. Laws regarding ID cards
– Persons with Thai nationality aged from 7 years to 70 years of age and brought to the House of Representatives meeting for consideration again today (7 April). Most recently, the House of Representatives meeting Resolved to approve the draft National Identification Card Act As amended by the Senate by a vote of 304 to 2.
– Changing first name or last name must request a new card within 60 days.
– Lost cards must be replaced within 60 days.
– People who do not need an ID card include monks, government officials, prisoners, and people over 70 years of age.
5. Laws regarding military service
– Thai males with Thai nationality who have reached 18 years of age must present themselves to be registered as military personnel within their domicile area.
– When reaching the age of 21 years, you must present yourself to receive a summons and must take an examination to be selected for active duty military service according to the appointment.
*Persons who do not have to be active duty soldiers include monks with monastic rank. Disabled people Persons lacking certain abilities cannot become soldiers.
6. Laws regarding community cleanliness and environment
– Building Control Act 1979, such as building, modifying, adding on, demolishing, must request permission from the local official.
– Environmental Promotion and Preservation Act 1975
– Communicable Disease Act 1979